3 posts tagged “PaymentandClearing”
Starting from central bank deposit account regulations and balance sheet mechanics, this article examines reserve and special accounts, explaining why banks, payment firms, and FMIs access central bank money.
An in-depth analysis of payment systems based on BIS and CPMI definitions, dissecting clearing versus settlement, comparing RTGS, DNS, and hybrid systems, and mapping the global FMI landscape toward tokenised settlement.
Starting from the five-layer infrastructure behind a QR code payment, this article breaks down the difference between clearing and settlement: how NetsUnion and UnionPay calculate net positions between institutions, after which the transactions enter the PBOC's High-Value Payment System for final settlement. It also compares non-bank payment institutions' access to central bank infrastructure across five jurisdictions.